The all-vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) uses vanadium ion electrolyte as the energy storage medium. The battery is divided into a positive half-cell and a negative half-cell by a membrane, with external positive and negative electrolyte storage tanks. The electrolyte flows in a closed loop between the storage tanks and the stack through the action of circulation pumps, simultaneously undergoing redox reactions to achieve charge and discharge. Compared to other electrochemical energy storage technologies, all-vanadium redox flow batteries have inherent safety and ultra-long cycle life, making them particularly suitable for large-scale energy storage power stations.